Machine Design
The fatigue stress concentration factor is defined as

The ratio of endurance limit with stress concentration to the endurance limit without stress concentration
All of these
The ratio of endurance limit without stress concentration to the endurance limit with stress concentration
The product of the endurance limits with and without stress concentration

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Machine Design
The ends of the leaves of a semi-elliptical leaf spring are made triangular in order to

Permit each leaf to act as an overhanging beam
Make M/I constant throughout the length of the leaf
Obtain variable moment of inertia (I) in each leaf
Have variable bending moment (M) in each leaf

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