Machine Design
18/8 steel contains

18% nickel and 8% vanadium
18% nickel and 8% chromium
18% chromium and 8% nickel
18% vanadium and 8% nickel

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Machine Design
The contact ratio is the ratio of

Length of arc of recess to the circular pitch
Length of arc of approach to the circular pitch
Length of arc of contact to the circular pitch
Length of path of contact to the circular pitch

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