Machine Design
According to I.B.R., when the thickness of boiler shell (t) is greater than 8 mm, then the diameter of rivet hole (d) is obtained by

Equating tearing resistance of the plate to the crushing resistance of the rivets
Equating tearing resistance of the plate to the shearing resistance of the rivets
None of these
Equating shearing resistance to the crushing resistance of the rivets

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Machine Design
A tap bolt

Has a head on one end and a nut fitted to the other
Has both the ends threaded
Has pointed threads
Has head at one end and other end fits into a tapped hole in the other part to be joined

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