Barani was a contemporary of Muhammad bin Tughlaq and Firuz Shah Tughlaq both. He wrote a number of renowned texts, such as the Fatwa-i-Jahandari, which elaborates on the principles to be followed by Muslim rulers to attain merit.
Akbar, as well as his mother and other members of his family, were Sunni Hanafi Muslims. After the marriage of Akbar with Jodha Bai of Amber, he abolished the pilgrim tax. He also abolished Jiziya in 1562 CE
Akbar remained illiterate and uneducated all his life. He had to occupy the throne at the early age of 13 years after the untimely death of his father Humayun.
EXAMIANS