Barani was a contemporary of Muhammad bin Tughlaq and Firuz Shah Tughlaq both. He wrote a number of renowned texts, such as the Fatwa-i-Jahandari, which elaborates on the principles to be followed by Muslim rulers to attain merit.
Al Biruni was made court astrologer in Ghazni and he accompanied with Mahmud on his invasions on India. He lived for several years here and is considered to be first Indologist.
EXAMIANS