Internal Combustion Engines
The output of a diesel engine can be increased without increasing the engine revolution or size in following way

Feeding more fuel
Scavenging
Heating incoming air
Supercharging

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Internal Combustion Engines
As compared to air standard cycle, in actual working, the effect of variation in specific heats is to

Reduce maximum pressure and maximum temperature
Increase maximum pressure and decrease maximum temperature
Decrease maximum pressure and increase maximum temperature
Increase maximum pressure and maximum temperature

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Internal Combustion Engines
In a four stroke cycle petrol engine, the expansion

Starts at 30° after top dead center and ends at 50° after bottom dead center
Starts at top dead center and ends at bottom dead center
Starts at 30° before top dead center and ends at 50° before bottom dead center
May start and end anywhere

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