Internal Combustion Engines
The output of a diesel engine can be increased without increasing the engine revolution or size in following way

Supercharging
Scavenging
Feeding more fuel
Heating incoming air

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Internal Combustion Engines
In a four stroke cycle petrol engine, the inlet valve

May open or close anywhere
Opens at 20° after top dead center and closes at 20° before bottom dead center
Opens at 20° before top dead center and closes at 40° after bottom dead center
Opens at top dead center and closes at bottom dead center

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