Internal Combustion Engines
The output of a diesel engine can be increased without increasing the engine revolution or size in following way

Heating incoming air
Supercharging
Scavenging
Feeding more fuel

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Internal Combustion Engines
In a typical medium speed 4-stroke cycle diesel engine the inlet valve

Opens at 10° after top dead center and closes 20° before the bottom dead center
May open or close anywhere
Opens at top dead center and closes at bottom dead center
Opens at 20° before top dead center and closes at 35° after the bottom dead center

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