Internal Combustion Engines
The injector nozzle of a compression ignition engine is required to inject fuel at a sufficiently high pressure in order to

Inject fuel in a chamber of high pressure at the end of compression stroke
All of these
Inject fuel at a high velocity to facilitate atomization
Ensure that penetration is not high

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Internal Combustion Engines
Compression ratio of I.C. Engines is

Volume displaced by piston per stroke and clearance volume in cylinder
Ratio of pressure after compression and before compression
The ratio of volumes of air in cylinder before compression stroke and after compression stroke
Swept volume/cylinder volume

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Internal Combustion Engines
The fuel valve in a four stroke cycle diesel engine

Opens at top dead center and closes at bottom dead center
Opens at 15° before top dead center and closes at 20° after top dead center
May open and close anywhere
Opens at 15° after top dead center and closes at 20° before bottom dead center

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