Internal Combustion Engines
Scavenging air in diesel engine means

Air used for forcing burnt gases out of engine's cylinder during the exhaust period
Air used for combustion sent under pressure
Forced air for cooling cylinder
Burnt air containing products of combustion

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Internal Combustion Engines
The exhaust valve in a four stroke cycle petrol engine

Opens at bottom dead center and closes at top dead center
Opens at 50° before bottom dead center and closes at 15° after top dead center
Opens at 50° after bottom dead center and closes at 15° before top dead center
May open and close anywhere

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Internal Combustion Engines
In a typical medium speed 4-stroke cycle diesel engine the inlet valve

Opens at 20° before top dead center and closes at 35° after the bottom dead center
Opens at 10° after top dead center and closes 20° before the bottom dead center
May open or close anywhere
Opens at top dead center and closes at bottom dead center

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