Internal Combustion Engines
Flash point of fuel oil is

Temperature at which it catches fire without external aid
Temperature at which it solidifies or congeals
Minimum temperature to which oil is heated in order to give off inflammable vapours in sufficient quantity to ignite momentarily when brought in contact with a flame
Indicated by 90% distillation temperature, i.e. when 90% of sample oil has distilled off

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Internal Combustion Engines
The expansion of fuel in a four stroke cycle diesel engine

Starts at top dead center and ends at 30° after top dead center
May start and end anywhere
Starts at 15° before top dead center and ends at 30° after top dead center
Starts at 15° after top dead center and ends at 30° before bottom dead center

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