Microbiology of Soils
Syntrophism involves

exchange of nutrients among species
no exchange of nutrients among species
no exchange of nutrients between two species
exchange of nutrients between two species

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Microbiology of Soils
Nitrogen fixation by the microorganisms can be detected by adopting the approach of

cultivating the microorganisms in the presence of nitrogen labeled with isotropic nitrogen
measuring15N2 by mass spectrometer
demonstrating growth in a nitrogen free medium
All of these

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Microbiology of Soils
Nitrogen fixation

especially changes nitrogen compounds, mostly amines such as NH2
fix the free nitrogen (N2) by which it should not be usable by plants
changes the free nitrogen (N2) to a form usable by plants
both (a) and (b)

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