Microbiology of Soils
A heterocyst is

a type of spore
a cell that carries out oxygenic photosynthesis
the progenitor of cyanobacterial vegetative cells
a terminally differentiated cell that fixes nitrogen

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Microbiology of Soils
Nitrogen fixation

both (a) and (b)
changes the free nitrogen (N2) to a form usable by plants
fix the free nitrogen (N2) by which it should not be usable by plants
especially changes nitrogen compounds, mostly amines such as NH2

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Microbiology of Soils
The groups of symbiotic bacteria, which have the ability to fix nitrogen

grow together for a mutual benefit is called symbiosis and so these bacteria are called symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria
All of these
these bacteria are from the genus, Rhizobium
derive their food and minerals from the legume, and in turn they supply the legume with some or all of its nitrogen

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