Microbiology of Soils
__________ play a key role in the transformation of rock to soil.

Cyanobacteia
Nitrifying bacteria
Pectin decomposing bacteria
De-nitrifying bacteria

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Microbiology of Soils
A heterocyst is

a type of spore
a terminally differentiated cell that fixes nitrogen
a cell that carries out oxygenic photosynthesis
the progenitor of cyanobacterial vegetative cells

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Microbiology of Soils
The groups of symbiotic bacteria, which have the ability to fix nitrogen

All of these
derive their food and minerals from the legume, and in turn they supply the legume with some or all of its nitrogen
grow together for a mutual benefit is called symbiosis and so these bacteria are called symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria
these bacteria are from the genus, Rhizobium

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Microbiology of Soils
Denitrification is

reduction of nitrate (NO3-) to nitrogen gas
changing of atmospheric nitrogen (N2) to nitrogen compounds
both (a) and (b)
reduction of nitrate to organic nitrogen compounds

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