Electrical Machines
In dc machines, the field system has to be provided on stator unlike synchronous machines Where in it could be on any member, because

 commutator action is not possible otherwise
 dc machines are comparatively low rating machines.
 it reduces field structure iron losses
 it gives more uniform air-gap flux distribution

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Electrical Machines
A belt-driven cumulatively-compound dc generator is delivering power to the dc mains. If the Belt snaps then the machine will run as a

 differentially compounded motor in the opposite direction
 cumulative compounded motor in opposite direction
 differentially compounded motor in the same direction
 cumulative compounded motor in the same direction

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