Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
The function of guide vanes in a reaction turbine is to

Allow the water to enter the runner without shock
Allow the water to flow over them, without forming eddies
All of the listed here
Allow the required quantity of water to enter the turbine

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
The specific speed of turbine is defined as the speed of a unit

Of such a size that it produces unit horse power with unit head
Of such a size that it delivers unit discharge at unit power
Of such a size that it delivers unit discharge at unit head
Of such a size that it requires unit power per unit head

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