Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
The diameter of the nozzle (d) for maximum transmission of power is given by (where D = Diameter of pipe, f = Darcy’s coefficient of friction for pipe, and l = Length of pipe)

d = (D⁵/8fl)1/3
d = (D⁵/8fl)1/5
d = (D⁵/8fl)1/2
d = (D⁵/8fl)1/4

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
Buoyant force is

Equal to the volume of liquid displaced
The resultant force acting on a floating body
The resultant force on a body due to the fluid surrounding it
The force necessary to maintain equilibrium of a submerged body

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