Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
The diameter of the nozzle (d) for maximum transmission of power is given by (where D = Diameter of pipe, f = Darcy’s coefficient of friction for pipe, and l = Length of pipe)

d = (D⁵/8fl)1/3
d = (D⁵/8fl)1/4
d = (D⁵/8fl)1/2
d = (D⁵/8fl)1/5

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
The hydraulic efficiency of an impulse turbine is the

Ratio of the actual power produced by the turbine to the energy actually supplied by the turbine
None of these
Ratio of the actual work available at the turbine to the energy imparted to the wheel
Ratio of the work done on the wheel to the energy of the jet

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