Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
The length AB of a pipe ABC in which the liquid is flowing has diameter (d1) and is suddenly enlarged to diameter (d2) at B which is constant for the length BC. The loss of head due to sudden enlargement is

(v₁ - v₂)²/2g
(v₁² - v₂²)/2g
(v₁² - v₂²)/g
(v₁ - v₂)²/g

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
For similarity, in addition to models being geometrically similar to prototype, the following in both cases should also be equal

ratio of inertial force to force due to gravitation
ratio of inertial force to force due to viscosity
all the four ratios of inertial force to force due to viscosity, gravitation, surface tension, and elasticity
ratio of inertial force to force due to surface tension

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