Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
According to Darcy's formula, the loss of head due to friction in the pipe is (where f = Darcy's coefficient, l = Length of pipe, v = Velocity of liquid in pipe, and d = Diameter of pipe)

flv²/gd
4flv²/2gd
flv²/2gd
3flv²/2gd

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
An orifice is said to be large, if

The velocity of flow is large
The size of orifice is large
The available head of liquid is less than 5 times the height of orifice
The available head of liquid is more than 5 times the height of orifice

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