Theory of Machine
Two heavy rotating masses are connected by shafts of lengths l₁, l₂ and l₃ and the corresponding diameters are d₁, d₂ and d₃. This system is reduced to a torsionally equivalent system having uniform diameter d = d₁ of the shaft. The equivalent length of the shaft is

l = l₁ + l₂.(d₁/d₂)⁴ + l₃.(d₁/d₃)⁴
l₁ + l₂ + l₃
l = l₁ + l₂.(d₁/d₂)³ + l₂.(d₁/d₃)³
(l₁ + l₂ + l₃)/3

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Theory of Machine
For dynamic balancing of a shaft

The net dynamic force acting on the shaft is equal to zero
The net couple due to the dynamic forces acting on the shaft is equal to zero
Both (A) and (B)
None of these

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Theory of Machine
The Klein's method of construction for reciprocating engine mechanism

Enables determination of Cariole’s component
Is a simplified form of instantaneous center method
Is based on acceleration diagram
Utilizes a quadrilateral similar to the diagram of mechanism for reciprocating engine

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