Power Systems
Steady state stability of a power system is improved by

All of these
 using double circuit line instead of single circuit line
 decreasing generator inertia
 single pole switching

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Power Systems
The value of off diagonal elements is

 which is connected between bus i and bus j with positive sign
 sum of admittances connected at bus i
 which is connected between bus i and bus j with negative sign
 sum of admittances connected at bus j

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