Process Equipment and Plant Design
Pick out the wrong statement pertaining to the design of the bubble cap tray of a distillation column to give stable operation and even vapour distribution.

Tendency towards stable operation is increased by increasing the skirt clearance of the caps, lowering the rate of liquid flow per unit plate width or increasing the spacing between the caps
The dimensionless ratio of liquid gradient to pressure drop head caused by the bubble cap assembly should be less than 0.4
None of these
The pressure drop due to the caps & slots and the static submergence should be as high as practicable for reasonable operation

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
In the case of a shell and tube heat exchanger, the logarithmic mean temperature difference

Is always less than arithmetic mean value, but more than geometric mean value
Is always more than arithmetic mean value and the geometric mean value
Is always less than arithmetic average value
May be either more or less than geometric mean and arithmetic mean value depending upon whether the flow of stream is co-current or counter-current

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