Process Equipment and Plant Design
Bubble cap tray is the most commonly used tray in large distillation column, because

Of its flexibility and nearly constant efficiency under varying conditions of operation
It eliminates the foaming and entrain-ment tendency during operation
It incurs less pressure drop as compared to any other try designed for the same duty
None of these

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
In case of design of a shell and tube heat exchanger,

Minimum tube sheet thickness (in which tubes are fixed) is equal to the O.D. of the tube upto 15 mm tube diameter; and for > 15 mm tube diameter, tube sheet thickness is smaller than tube diameter
Minimum cleaning lane of 6.5 mm is provided, when tubes are on a square pitch
O.D. of the tube is 6 to 40 mm while the tube lengths used are 0.5, 2.5, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6 metres
All of these

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Generally, elliptical dished heads

All of these
Are approximately as strong as seamless cylindrical shell having the corresponding I.D and O.D
Resist half the pressure rating compared to hemi spherical head provided on the cylindrical shell of the same thickness and diameter
Are manufactured on 2:1 ratio of major to minor axis and is recommended to be used for pressure vessels operating above a pressure of 1.5 MN/m²

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