Process Equipment and Plant Design
Liquid gradient over the tray results due to the

Large reflux ratio
Large plate spacing
Low gas velocity
Resistance offered to flow of liquids by caps & risers and the flow of gas

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Pick out the wrong statement about the design of seive plate column and the bubble cap column.

Weir height in case of a bubble cap plate ranges from 50 to 150 mm and is higher than the seive plate
Weir height for a bubble cap plate column is the same as that for a seive plate column
The downcomer design and the residence time in the downcomer is almost same for seive plate and bubble cap columns
Weir length for a bubble cap plate is the same as that for the seive plate

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Pick out the wrong statement about the design of a sieve plate column.

For segmental downcomers, the chord length is 60-80% of the column diameter. An initial value of downcomer area of 12% is taken in the design
Width of the calming section provided at the inlet and outlet sides of the plate is 75 mm for column diameter below 1.5 metres and 100 mm for larger diameter columns
Minimum recommended downcomer residence time for the disengagement of entrained vapour is the same for both foaming and non-foaming liquids, which is about 20 seconds
An increased weir height improves the tray efficiency at the cost of high plate pressure drop; optimum wear height being 40-90 mm for column pressure above atmospheric and 6-12 mm for vacuum columns

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