Recombinant DNA Technology
Knockout mice are created by

mutagenizing a mouse and selecting for mutant offspring
creating a chimera by fusing cells from two different cell lines
infecting the mouse with a retrovirus
transfecting embryonic stem cells with an altered gene sequence

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Recombinant DNA Technology
The order for the construction of a cDNA fragment from mRNA is to

treat with reverse transcriptase, digest with RNase, add G residues to the 3' end, bind oligo-dC, treat with DNA polymerase and bind oligo-dT
digest with RNase, add G residues to the 3' end, treat with reverse transcriptase, add G residues to the 3' end and treat with DNA polymerase
bind oligo-dC, treat with reverse transcriptase, digest with RNase, add G residues to the 3' end, bind oligo-dT and treat with DNA polymerase
bind oligo-dT, treat with reverse transcriptase, digest with RNase, add G residues to the 3' end, bind oligo-dC, treat with DNA polymerase

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