Machine Design
In order to obtain bolt of uniform strength

Increase shank diameter
Drill an axial hole through head up to threaded portion so that shank area is equal to root area of thread
Tighten die bolt properly
Increase its length

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Machine Design
Coaxing is the procedure of increasing

Metal hardness by surface treatment
Metal strength by cycling
Metal resistance to corrosion by coating
Fatigue limit by over-stressing the metal by successively increasing loadings

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