Machine Design
The shear stress at a point in a shaft subjected to a torque is

Inversely proportional to the applied torque and the polar moment of inertia
Directly proportional to the applied torque and inversely proportional to the polar moment of inertia
Directly proportional to the applied torque and the polar moment of inertia
Directly proportional to the polar moment of inertia and to the distance of the point from the axis

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Machine Design
Elastic nut is a locking device in which

One small nut is tightened over main nut and main nut tightened against smaller one by loosening, creating friction jamming
Through slots are made at top and a cotter pin is passed through these and a hole in the bolt, and cotter pin splitted and bent in reverse direction at other end
A slot is cut partly in middle of nut and then slot reduced by tightening a screw
Hard fibre or nylon cotter is recessed in the nut and becomes threaded as the nut is stewed on the bolt causing a tight grip

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