Internal Combustion Engines
In compression ignition engines, swirl denotes a

Rotary motion of the gases in the chamber
Haphazard motion of the gases in the chamber
Radial motion of the gases in the chamber
None of the listed here

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Internal Combustion Engines
In a typical medium speed 4-stroke cycle diesel engine the inlet valve

Opens at 20° before top dead center and closes at 35° after the bottom dead center
May open or close anywhere
Opens at 10° after top dead center and closes 20° before the bottom dead center
Opens at top dead center and closes at bottom dead center

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Internal Combustion Engines
The brake power (B.P.) of the engine is given by (where W = Brake load or dead load in newtons, l = Length of arm in meters, N = Speed of engine in r.p.m., S = Spring balance reading in newtons, D = Dia. of brake drum in meters, and d = Dia. of rope in meters)

All of these
P = (Wl × 2πN)/60 watts
P = [(W - S) πDN]/60 watts
P = [(W - S) π (D + d) N]/60 watts

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