Machine Design
In case of pressure vessels having open ends, the fluid pressure induces

Circumferential stress
Shear stress
Longitudinal stress
None of these

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Machine Design
According to I.B.R., when the thickness of boiler shell (t) is greater than 8 mm, then the diameter of rivet hole (d) is obtained by

Equating shearing resistance to the crushing resistance of the rivets
Equating tearing resistance of the plate to the shearing resistance of the rivets
None of these
Equating tearing resistance of the plate to the crushing resistance of the rivets

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