Machine Design
Two rigid plates are clamped by means of bolt and nut with an initial force F. After tightening, a separating force P (P < F) is applied to the lower plate, which in turn acts on the nut. The tension in the both after this is

F.P
P
F
F + P

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Machine Design
Crowning on pulley helps

In increasing the slip of the belt
To keep the belt in centre on a pulley while it is in motion
In decreasing the slip of the belt
To increase pulley life

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Machine Design
The shear stress at a point in a shaft subjected to a torque is

Directly proportional to the applied torque and the polar moment of inertia
Inversely proportional to the applied torque and the polar moment of inertia
Directly proportional to the polar moment of inertia and to the distance of the point from the axis
Directly proportional to the applied torque and inversely proportional to the polar moment of inertia

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