Machine Design
Stress concentration is caused due to

All of these
Abrupt change of section
Variation in properties of material from point to point in a member
Pitting at points or areas at which loads on a member are applied

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Machine Design
In cross or regular lay ropes

Wires in two adjacent strands are twisted in opposite direction
Wires are not twisted
Direction of twist of wires and strands are same
Direction of twist of wires in strands is opposite to the direction of twist of strands

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