Internal Combustion Engines
In a typical medium speed, 4-stroke cycle diesel engine

May start and end anywhere
Fuel injection starts at top dead center and ends at 20° after top dead center
Fuel injection starts at 10° before top dead center and ends at 20° after top dead center
Fuel injection starts at just before top dead center and ends just after top dead center

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Internal Combustion Engines
The expansion of fuel in a four stroke cycle diesel engine

Starts at 15° after top dead center and ends at 30° before bottom dead center
Starts at 15° before top dead center and ends at 30° after top dead center
May start and end anywhere
Starts at top dead center and ends at 30° after top dead center

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