Internal Combustion Engines
In a typical medium speed, 4-stroke cycle diesel engine

May start and end anywhere
Fuel injection starts at just before top dead center and ends just after top dead center
Fuel injection starts at 10° before top dead center and ends at 20° after top dead center
Fuel injection starts at top dead center and ends at 20° after top dead center

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Internal Combustion Engines
Scavenging air in diesel engine means

Forced air for cooling cylinder
Burnt air containing products of combustion
Air used for forcing burnt gases out of engine's cylinder during the exhaust period
Air used for combustion sent under pressure

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