Internal Combustion Engines
In a typical medium speed, 4-stroke cycle diesel engine

Fuel injection starts at just before top dead center and ends just after top dead center
Fuel injection starts at 10° before top dead center and ends at 20° after top dead center
Fuel injection starts at top dead center and ends at 20° after top dead center
May start and end anywhere

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Internal Combustion Engines
In a four stroke cycle petrol engine, the compression

Starts at bottom dead centre and ends at top dead centre
May start and end anywhere
Starts at 40° before bottom dead centre and ends at 30° after bottom dead centre
Starts at 40° after bottom dead centre and ends at 30° before top dead centre

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Internal Combustion Engines
The tangential velocity of the water element having a free vortex is

Directly proportional to its (distance)2 from the centre
Directly proportional to its distance from the centre
Inversely proportional to its distance from the centre
Inversely proportional to its (distance)2 from the centre

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