Theory of Machine
In a steam engine, one method of obtaining the earlier cut-off with a simple slide valve is by increasing the angle of advance of the eccentric while the throw of the eccentric, steam lap and exhaust lap are kept constant. This method will

Reduce maximum opening of port to steam
Cause withdrawing or throttling of steam
All of these
Reduce length of effective stroke of piston

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Theory of Machine
The steering of a ship means

None of these
Rolling of a complete ship sideways
Movement of a complete ship up and down in vertical plane about transverse axis
Turning of a complete ship in a curve towards right or left, while it moves forward

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