RCC Structures Design
If A is the area of the foundation of a retaining wall carrying a load W and retaining earth of weight 'w' per unit volume, the minimum depth (h) of the foundation from the free surface of the earth, is

h = (W/Aw) [(1 + sin φ)/(1 + sin φ)]
h = (W/Aw) [(1 - sin φ)/(1 + sin φ)]
h = √(W/Aw) [(1 - sin φ)/(1 + sin φ)]²
h = (W/Aw) [(1 - sin φ)/(1 + sin φ)]²

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RCC Structures Design
A pre-stressed concrete member is preferred because

Its dimensions are not decided from the diagonal tensile stress
All listed here
Large size of long beams carrying large shear force need not be adopted
Removal of cracks in the members due to shrinkage

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