RCC Structures Design
A part of the slab may be considered as the flange of the T-beam if

Flange has adequate reinforcement transverse to beam
All of the listed here
It is effectively bonded together with the beam
It is built integrally with the beam

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RCC Structures Design
If the length of a combined footing for two columns l meters apart is L and the projection on the left side of the exterior column is x, then the projection y on the right side of the exterior column, in order to have a uniformly distributed load, is (where x̅ is the distance of centre of gravity of column loads).

y = L/2 - (l + x̅)
y = L/2 - (l - x̅)
y = L - (l - x̅)
y = L/2 + (l - x̅)

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RCC Structures Design
If the shear stress in a R.C.C. beam is

All of these
Greater than 4 kg/cm², but less than 20 kg/cm², shear reinforcement is provided
Equal or less than 5 kg/cm², no shear reinforcement is provided
Greater than 20 kg/cm², the size of the section is changed

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