RCC Structures Design
If the length of a combined footing for two columns l meters apart is L and the projection on the left side of the exterior column is x, then the projection y on the right side of the exterior column, in order to have a uniformly distributed load, is (where x̅ is the distance of centre of gravity of column loads).

y = L - (l - x̅)
y = L/2 - (l - x̅)
y = L/2 + (l - x̅)
y = L/2 - (l + x̅)

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RCC Structures Design
Steel beam theory is used for

Beams if shear exceeds 4 times allowable shear stress
Steel beams encased in concrete
Design of simple steel beams
Doubly reinforced beams ignoring compressive stress in concrete

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RCC Structures Design
An R.C.C. lintel is spanning an opening of 2 m span in a brick wall. The height of the roof is 2.9 m above the floor level and that of the opening is 2.1 m above the floor level. The lintel is to be designed for self weight plus

UDL of wall
Triangular load of the wall
UDL of wall + load from the roof
Triangular load + load from the roof

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