Construction Planning and Management
If the excavation of earth is done manually then it costs Rs. 10 per cum. A machine can excavate at a fixed cost of Rs. 4000 plus a variable cost of Rs. 2 per cum. The quantity of earth for which the cost of excavation by machine will be equal to the cost of manual excavation is

1000 cum
1500 cum
2000 cum
500 cum

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Construction Planning and Management
Sinking fund is

The fund for rebuilding a structure when its economic life is over
Raised to meet maintenance costs
The total sum to be paid to the municipal authorities by the tenants
A part of the money kept in reserve for providing additional structures and structural modifications

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Construction Planning and Management
In time-cost optimization of a project, crashing is done.

Only on activities lying on the original critical path and having flatter cost slopes
On original critical activities and those that become critical at any stage of crashing in the order of ascending cost slope
On all the activities
On all the activities lying on the critical path

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