Theory of Machine
Idler pulley is used

For applying tension
For increasing velocity ratio
For changing the direction of motion of the belt
All of the listed here

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Theory of Machine
In a hydrodynamic journal bearing, there is

A thick film of lubricant between the journal and the bearing
A forced lubricant between the journal and the bearing
A very thin film of lubricant between the journal and the bearing such that there is contact between the journal and the bearing
No lubricant between the journal and the bearing

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