Theory of Machine
In gramophones for adjusting the speed of the turntable, the following type of governor is commonly employed

Pickering governor
Inertia governor
Wilson Hartnell governor
Hartung governor

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Theory of Machine
The contact ratio is given by

(Length of the path of approach)/(Circular pitch)
(Length of path of recess)/(Circular pitch)
(Length of the arc of contact)/(Circular pitch)
(Length of the arc of approach)/cosφ

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