Theory of Machine
In a steam engine, the earlier cut-off with a simple slide valve may be obtained by increasing the steam lap and the angle of advance of the eccentric but keeping constant the travel and lead of the valve, this method will

Reduce length of effective stroke of piston
Cause withdrawing or throttling of steam
Reduce maximum opening of port to steam
All of the listed here

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Theory of Machine
The sense of Coriolis component 2 ωv is same as that of the relative velocity vector v rotated at

45° in the direction opposite to the rotation of the link containing the path
90° in the direction of rotation of the link containing the path
180° in the direction opposite to the rotation of the link containing the path
45° in the direction of rotation of the link containing the path

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