Process Equipment and Plant Design
Generally, elliptical dished heads

Are approximately as strong as seamless cylindrical shell having the corresponding I.D and O.D
Are manufactured on 2:1 ratio of major to minor axis and is recommended to be used for pressure vessels operating above a pressure of 1.5 MN/m²
Resist half the pressure rating compared to hemi spherical head provided on the cylindrical shell of the same thickness and diameter
All of these

ANSWER DOWNLOAD EXAMIANS APP

Process Equipment and Plant Design
In a vertical short tube evaporator (Calendria type), the

Area of central downtake is equal to 40 to 100% of total cross-sectional area of the surrounding tube
All of these
Liquor is inside the tube while the steam is outside the tube
Tube dia of 2.5-7.5 cms, tube length of 75-200 cms and cylinderical drum dia of 1-6 metres are normally used

ANSWER DOWNLOAD EXAMIANS APP