Internal Combustion Engines
Detonation is harmful due to

None of these
Increase in the rate of heat transfer, there is a reduction in the power output and efficiency of the engine
Excessive turbulence which removes most of the insulating gas boundary layer from the cylinder walls
High intensity of knock causes crankshaft vibration and the engine runs rough

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Internal Combustion Engines
In a four stroke cycle diesel engine, the exhaust valve

May open and close anywhere
Opens at 30° before bottom dead centre and closes at 10° after top dead centre
Opens at bottom dead centre and closes at top dead centre
Opens at 30° after bottom dead centre and closes at 10° before top dead centre

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