Microorganisms and Disease
The "A" subunit of diphtheria toxin

forms cAMP that leads to fluid accumulation
cause ADP ribosylation of a factor involved in protein synthesis
binds host cell receptors found on heart cells
lysis macrophages with the release of cytokines

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Microorganisms and Disease
Which of the following is common in the disease caused by Coryne-bacterium diphtheriae and Bacillus anthracis?

Both organisms are gram-positive spore formers
Both organisms cause skin and respiratory tract infections
Diphtheria toxin and edema toxin are ADP ribosylating toxins
The most serious disease symptoms are the direct result of toxin action

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Microorganisms and Disease
Cholera toxin is an A-B type toxin in which the B portions bind to a receptor on a host cell and the A portion enters the cell to cause

ADP ribosylation of guanylate cyclase that stimulates production of cGMP
ADP ribosylation of a G protein that locks it into an active form that stimulates adenylate cyclase to make cAMP
ADP ribosylation of adenylate cyclase that stops production of cAMP
cleavage of rRNA that results in disruption of ribosome function

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Microorganisms and Disease
Prontosil is

an effective antibacterial when used in animals
an effective antibacterial when used in in-vitro cultures
not used as an antibacterial agent
an effective antibacterial both in animals as well as in in-vitro cultures

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