Microorganisms and Disease
Both Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Streptococcus pneumoniae

have cell walls that contain a high content of mycolic acids
have polysaccharide capsules
stay in the lung and rarely, if ever, enter the bloodstream
are acquired by inhalation

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Microorganisms and Disease
A major difference between EHEC and EPEC is

EHEC possesses a type III secretion system and EPEC does not
EPEC passes through the placenta to infect the fetus and EHEC does not
EHEC secretes a Shiga-like toxin and EPEC does not
EPEC rearranges host cell actin and EHEC does not

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Microorganisms and Disease
What is common in catheters and ventilators?

They bypass important defenses of the body
Bacteria responsible for associated infections are usually susceptible to antibiotics
They predispose patients to viral rather than bacterial infections
They are used primarily in neonatal intensive care units

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Microorganisms and Disease
Plastic implants can pose a serious nosocomial infection problem because

phagocytes have trouble engulfing bacteria embedded in a biofilm
phagocytes have trouble moving on the plastic surface
All of these
infected implants usually have to be surgically removed

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