Recombinant DNA Technology
Both DNA gel electrophoresis and SDS-PAGE of proteins are similar because

All of these
both techniques rely on a constant charge to mass ratio
in both cases molecules migrate to the anode
both techniques utilize the sieving properties of gels

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Recombinant DNA Technology
Some genetic diseases cannot be diagnosed by changes in restriction sites. Some of these can be detected by allele-specific oligonucleotide probes. These are

short sequences that will hybridize only to a specific base sequence
PCR-amplified variable numbers of tandem repeats (VNTRs)
copies of the gene with an altered sequence so that a restriction site is inserted
mutagenized copies of a gene

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Recombinant DNA Technology
An expression vector

always contains an origin of replication
All of these
usually contains a gene that confers antibiotic resistance to the bacterial host
always contains DNA segments for the regulation of mRNA production

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Recombinant DNA Technology
The order for the construction of a cDNA fragment from mRNA is to

digest with RNase, add G residues to the 3' end, treat with reverse transcriptase, add G residues to the 3' end and treat with DNA polymerase
bind oligo-dC, treat with reverse transcriptase, digest with RNase, add G residues to the 3' end, bind oligo-dT and treat with DNA polymerase
treat with reverse transcriptase, digest with RNase, add G residues to the 3' end, bind oligo-dC, treat with DNA polymerase and bind oligo-dT
bind oligo-dT, treat with reverse transcriptase, digest with RNase, add G residues to the 3' end, bind oligo-dC, treat with DNA polymerase

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