Electrical Machines
Armature reaction in a DC machine

 is in the same direction as the main poles.
 makes an angle with the main pole axis which is load dependent.
  makes an angle of 90° with the main pole axis.
 is in direct opposition to the main poles.

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Electrical Machines
Ward-Leonard system for controlling the speed of a DC motor is used where

 The speed in both the direction is required.
 The accuracy in speed control is required.
 All of above.
 Very fine speed control over the whole range from zero to normal speed is required.

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Electrical Machines
Where the shunt generators are widely used?

 Where often load fluctuation is occurred.
 Where voltage variation is needed over a wide load range.
  Where a constant voltage is required over a narrow load range.
 Where the load is very high.

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