Internal Combustion Engines
In a typical medium speed 4-stroke cycle diesel engines

Exhaust valve opens at bottom dead center and closes at top dead center
Exhaust valve opens just after bottom dead center and closes just before top dead center
Exhaust valve opens at 35° before bottom dead center and closes at 20° after top dead center
May open and close anywhere

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Internal Combustion Engines
Supercharging is the process of

Providing forced cooling air
Supplying compressed air to remove combustion products fully
Supplying the intake of an engine with air at a density greater than the density of the surrounding atmosphere
Injecting excess fuel for raising more loads

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Internal Combustion Engines
Which one of the following event would reduce volumetric efficiency of a vertical compression ignition engine?

Exhaust valve closing after top dead center
Inlet valve opening before top dead center
Inlet valve closing before bottom dead center
Inlet valve closing after bottom dead center

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