Railway Engineering
A triangle is used for

Separating all the sidings and shunting lines from main lines
Changing the direction of engine
Transferring wagons to and from parallel tracks without shunting
Preventing the vehicles from running off the track

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Railway Engineering
Lead of crossing is the distance from the

heel of the switch to the theoretical nose of the crossing
heel of the switch to the toe of the switch
toe of the switch to the theoretical nose of crossing
toe of the switch to the actual nose of crossing

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