Microwave Communication
A traveling-wave tube (TWT) amplifies by virtue of

The energy liberated form the collector
The effect of an external magnetic field
The absorption of energy by the signal from an electron stream
The energy contained the cavity resonators

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Microwave Communication
As the electron beam moves through a klystron’s intercavity drift space

Velocity modulation at the input cavity creates density modulation at the output cavity
Density modulation at the input cavity creates velocity modulation at the output cavity
Phase modulation at the input cavity creates velocity modulation at the output cavity.
Frequency modulation at the input cavity creates velocity modulation at the output cavity

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