A grid-interactive photovoltaic (PV) system uses solar energy to generate renewable power that charges batteries for use during power failures and feeds power into the electricity grid. Grid-interactive systems are based on their grid-tied and off-grid counterparts.
In FDLF method, B' corresponds to susceptance of unknown of PQ and PV bus Order of B' matrix is = (n -1)*(n - 1) Where n is total no. of buses. Order of B'' = (n - m - 1)*(n - m - 1)
For the given circuit shown in figure, D1 is forward bias mode - On state D2 is in reverse bias mode - off state D3 is in reverse bias mode - off state.
EXAMIANS