Theory of Machine
A governor is said to be stable, if the

Radius of rotation of balls increases as the equilibrium speed decreases
Radius of rotation of balls decreases as the equilibrium speed increases
Radius of rotation of balls increases as the equilibrium speed increases
Radius of rotation of balls decreases as the equilibrium speed decreases

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Theory of Machine
The secondary unbalanced force due to inertia of reciprocating parts in a reciprocating engine is given by (where m = Mass of reciprocating parts, ω = Angular speed of crank, r = Radius of crank, θ = Angle of inclination of crank with the line of stroke, and n = Ratio of the length of connecting rod to radius of crank)

m.ω².r (sin 2θ/n)
m.ω².r (cos 2θ/n)
m.ω².r cosθ
m.ω².r sinθ

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