Theory of Machine
A governor is said to be stable, if the

Radius of rotation of balls increases as the equilibrium speed increases
Radius of rotation of balls increases as the equilibrium speed decreases
Radius of rotation of balls decreases as the equilibrium speed increases
Radius of rotation of balls decreases as the equilibrium speed decreases

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Theory of Machine
Two heavy rotating masses are connected by shafts of lengths l₁, l₂ and l₃ and the corresponding diameters are d₁, d₂ and d₃. This system is reduced to a torsionally equivalent system having uniform diameter d = d₁ of the shaft. The equivalent length of the shaft is

(l₁ + l₂ + l₃)/3
l = l₁ + l₂.(d₁/d₂)³ + l₂.(d₁/d₃)³
l₁ + l₂ + l₃
l = l₁ + l₂.(d₁/d₂)⁴ + l₃.(d₁/d₃)⁴

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Theory of Machine
The maximum fluctuation of speed is the

Difference of the maximum and minimum speeds
Difference of minimum fluctuation of speed and the mean speed
Sum of maximum and minimum speeds
Variations of speed above and below the mean resisting torque line

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