Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
Mach number is significant in

supersonics, as with projectiles and jet propulsion
all of fhe above
simultaneous motion through two fluids where there is a surface of dis-continuity, gravity force, and wave making effects, as with ship’s hulls
full immersion or completely enclosed flow, as with pipes, aircraft wings, nozzles etc

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
Coefficient of resistance is the ratio of

Actual velocity of jet at vena-contracta to the theoretical velocity
Actual discharge through an orifice to the theoretical discharge
Area of jet at vena-contracta to the area of orifice
Loss of head in the orifice to the head of water available at the exit of the orifice

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